Frequently Asked Questions

I have moved to Belgium and was already a stem cell donor in my country of origin. Can I transfer my file and if so, how?

Your file can indeed be transferred from the registry where you were already registered to Marrow Donor Program Belgium - Registry. This can be done very easily by requesting your donor file from the registry in your country of origin and sending it to us by e-mail (MDPB-registry@rodekruis.be). This way, we can simply transfer your file and your tissue type will not have to be redefined. 
Have you lost the contact details of your home registry? Don't worry, you can easily find them via this database.

I am moving abroad permanently. Do I have to deregister?

It is best to deregister when you permanently move abroad. You do this by reporting your move to your donor centre. They will then remove you from the stem cell donor registry. You can find the contact details of your donor centre here.

Would you like to remain a stem cell donor? Then be sure to check whether the country you are moving to has a stem cell registry via this database.

If yes, request your donor file from your donor centre and send it by e-mail to the registry abroad. That way, they can simply transfer your file without having to redetermine your tissue type and you will remain available as a stem cell donor in the global database. 

I am temporarily moving abroad. Do I have to deregister?

No, you can simply remain registered as a candidate stem cell donor. You may always inform your donor centre about your temporary move, and they will note this in your file. You can find the contact details of your donor centre here.

My contact details have changed. How can I have them changed in your database?

Be sure to contact your donor centre for this. You can find your donor centre's contact details here.

It is essential to communicate these changes so that your donor centre can easily reach you if there is ever an interest in you as a stem cell donor in the (distant) future.

I made a mistake in my online registration as a stem cell donor. Can I still change this?

No problem! All your details are gone over again and checked during your consultation with the doctor, before a blood sample is taken for your tissue typing. That way we can be sure we have all the correct data.

Can I still cancel my registration as a stem cell donor at a later date?

Yes, you can undo your registration as a stem cell donor at any time. Please contact your donor centre to do so. The contact details of your donor centre can be found here.

I think I have already registered as a stem cell donor once, but I can't find anything more about this. Where can I check this?

Send an e-mail to MDPB-registry@rodekruis.be with your name and date of birth and we will check it for you!

I have been a registered stem cell donor for many years, but my medical situation has now changed so that I no longer meet the criteria. What now?

Contact your donor centre about this. They can put your donor file on hold or cancel your registration, depending on your medical situation. You can find the contact details of your donor centre here.

Why are you mainly looking for donors with African, Turkish or mixed roots?

Patients with African, Turkish or mixed roots in need of stem cells find a stem cell donor match in the global database only in 2 out of 3 cases. This is partly due to a lack of stem cell donor registries in Africa. Patients from Western European backgrounds, on the other hand, find a match in more than 90% of cases. So to eliminate this disparity, we are committed to recruiting stem cell donors with African, Turkish and mixed roots. If more people with these roots become stem cell donors, we can help more patients.

Why is a blood sample taken to determine my tissue type? I have read that in a lot of other countries this is done with a (cotton) swab.

We deliberately choose to do the tissue typing of candidate stem cell donors only via a blood sample because this typing can then be done more accurately than with a cotton swab. Another advantage to blood sampling is that it is preceded by a consultation with a donor centre doctor, which takes approximately 30 minutes. During this consultation, you fill out a medical questionnaire and the doctor goes over the stem cell donation process with you and you have the opportunity to ask questions about it. This way, you can make an informed decision and be well prepared for any future stem cell donation, which is less the case when you post a cotton swab with saliva. 

I am already a blood/plasma donor. So was my tissue type already determined or do I still have to come by to give a blood sample?

Donating blood or plasma is completely separate from stem cell donation. The process for determining your tissue type is initiated only when you register as a candidate stem cell donor on our website.

My tissue type was once already determined for a family member. Can this be used to register me as a candidate stem cell donor or do I have to have blood drawn again?

If your tissue type was once determined for a brother, sister, parent or other family member, you are not automatically registered as a stem cell donor in the Belgian register. To do so, you must register via our website and have a new blood sample taken to determine your tissue type. This is because the typing performed for a family member is less extensive than the typing we perform to include you as a candidate stem cell donor in the Belgian registry of stem cell donors.

Why can't I register as a stem cell donor if I am over 40?

Haematologists prefer younger donors as they provide more stem cells and scientific studies have shown that stem cells from younger donors also tend to give better results in patients. Younger donors are therefore more often called up as donors. Hence the consensus not to register donors over 40. In addition, the younger you are when you register, the longer you remain registered as a donor. In any case, donors are always removed from the registry as soon as they turn 60.

Why am I removed from the registry as soon as I turn 60?

We set this age limit because haematologists usually prefer younger donors as they provide more stem cells and scientific studies have shown that stem cells from younger donors also tend to give better results in patients. Younger donors are therefore more often called up as donors. Hence the consensus to remove donors from the registry as soon as they turn 60.

Can I register for one specific patient or for a family member?

You cannot register with Marrow Donor Program Belgium - Registry for one specific patient or for a sick family member. When you register as a stem cell donor, you do so for all patients worldwide, i.e. in Belgium and abroad. This way, we give all patients the same chance of finding a suitable stem cell donor.

If you have a sick relative and would like to know if you are a match for this person, please contact the hospital treating your relative. They will organise the search for a suitable donor for the patient and, if they consider it likely that you will be a match, can take a blood sample to determine your tissue type.
If your sick relative is admitted abroad and the treating hospital would like to receive a blood sample from you, please contact the registry at MDPB-registry@rodekruis.be so that we can see concretely how we can help you in this regard.

I registered over a month ago through the website, but have still not been contacted for an appointment with a doctor and a blood draw to be fixed at the donor centre of my choice. Why is this? Is there anything I can do?

Our apologies for this! The donor centre of your choice is probably very busy at the moment. Please do not hesitate to contact them via e-mail to check the status of your enrolment. You can find the email address of your donor centre here.

I want to register as a stem cell donor through the website, but I get the message that I am ineligible based on gender, height and weight. Why is this?

The ratio of your height to your weight determines whether you can become a stem cell donor. To calculate this ratio, Nadler's formula is used. Unfortunately, if the height-to-weight ratio according to Nadler's formula is not satisfactory, we cannot register you as a stem cell donor. This is to protect you, as the number of stem cells you produce also depends on your height and weight and we do not want to overload your body.

I take medication/I have a medical condition. Can I become a stem cell donor?

This depends on the medication/disease. The main medical conditions that are contraindications for stem cell donation are already questioned when you register via our website. If your answer to any of these questions is 'Yes', you unfortunately do not qualify as a stem cell donor. If your medical condition or medication does not appear in this questionnaire, please discuss it with the donor centre doctor at the time of sample collection to determine your tissue type. The doctor can then tell you whether or not you qualify as a stem cell donor.

I have a gastric bypass. Can I register as a stem cell donor?

Yes, a gastric bypass poses no problem. You can just register as a stem cell donor.

I have had gestational diabetes. Can I still register as a stem cell donor then?

You may register as a stem cell donor. Only if you currently still have diabetes and are being treated for it with insulin syringes, you unfortunately do not qualify as a stem cell donor.

I am currently pregnant. Can I then register as a stem cell donor?

You may simply register as a stem cell donor if you are pregnant. Being pregnant does not affect the sample collection for determining your tissue type. However, you cannot donate stem cells if you are breastfeeding or if you are pregnant and this until six months after giving birth. If these six months have passed and you are still breastfeeding at that time, you must wait to donate until you stop breastfeeding.

Can I donate stem cells if I am breastfeeding?

No, you cannot donate stem cells while breastfeeding.

I am pregnant. Can I donate my cord blood?

If you are interested in donating cord blood, you should discuss this with your gynaecologist. He or she will be able to tell you whether this is a possibility in the hospital where you will give birth.

I am gay. Can I become a stem cell donor?

This depends on when you last had sexual contact with another man. Is this more than four months ago? Then you are eligible to register as a stem cell donor. Why this deadline of 4 months? This is because the Superior Health Council's rules for donating blood, plasma and platelets also apply to stem cell donation. More information can be found here.

Will my expenses be reimbursed if I donate stem cells?

Yes, all consultations, medical examinations and tests are free of charge. In addition, your parking ticket will be reimbursed as well as your transport costs (ticket for public transport or kilometre allowance for transport by car/motorbike) and you will receive a free breakfast, lunch or dinner during the stem cell donation. You will not receive any financial or other compensation for the donation of your stem cells themselves.

Am I insured as a stem cell donor?

Insurance is taken out for every donor with cover in case complications occur that are not among the expected side effects of the donation or for any physical harm resulting from the donation. You will be given more information about this when you are asked to donate stem cells.

Should I take holidays for the medical examination prior to the stem cell donation and the stem cell donation itself?

Before the day of the medical examination as well as before the day of the donation itself and 1 to 7 days after the donation, you will receive a sick note from the collection centre (= the hospital where the collection and the medical examination will take place). So you do not have to take a holiday for this.

How many times can I donate stem cells?

In Belgium, you are allowed to donate stem cells for only one unrelated patient. So after your first stem cell donation, you will be removed from the register. However, if the patient who received your stem cells relapses or if complications occur in this patient, you may be asked to donate stem cells or lymphocytes (= white blood cells that play an important role in your immune system and are produced in your bone marrow) a second time. If a request for a second stem cell donation is received by the registry, it is first reviewed by the registry's Medical Advisory Committee to check whether it is valid. Only when the Medical Advisory Committee gives its approval will you be informed. As with your first donation, you have the right to refuse the donation at any time.

Can I still donate stem cells for a relative if I have already donated for an unrelated patient? And vice versa?

Yes, this is no problem at all. Family donation is completely separate from donation for an unrelated patient.

Can I choose which way I donate stem cells?

Yes, you are completely free to decide how to donate stem cells. Donating stem cells can be done in two ways:

  1. Via blood: In principle, blood does not contain many stem cells, but by administering growth factors (specifically injections of Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor, a substance naturally found in our blood) to the donor, we can stimulate stem cells from the bone marrow to move into the blood. In this way, we ensure that the blood contains many stem cells at any given time, which we can collect through blood sampling. Thus, collecting stem cells from blood is easy and done without anaesthesia. This method also generally has advantages for patients receiving stem cells from blood. This way, for example, blood production resumes faster and the recovery of the body's defence mechanisms is also smoother.
  2. By bone marrow puncture: Bone marrow contains billions of stem cells that grow into blood cells throughout our lives. Bone marrow is found in the hollow and flat bones of our body such as the pelvis and sternum. With punctures from the bone, under general anaesthesia, we can obtain healthy stem cells. Depending on the patient's age and condition, bone marrow may be more beneficial than stem cells from blood.

Donating stem cells via blood is by far the most commonly used method today, but which type of stem cells is requested depends on the patient's condition. If you do not like one of the two methods, you may always refuse this method, even if it is requested by the patient's treating doctor. There is a chance that the doctor will then choose another donor.

How long does a stem cell donation take?

This depends on the type of donation. Donating stem cells via blood takes about 4 hours on average and is performed in one day in most cases. If not enough stem cells are collected during one collection, it is sometimes necessary to give the stem cell donor an additional injection of growth factor G-CSF. The rest of the required stem cells are then harvested the next day.
Stem cell donation via bone marrow involves a hospital stay of 36 to 48 hours as this donation is done under general anaesthesia. The procedure itself takes 1 to 2 hours. If everything goes smoothly, you will be allowed to leave hospital the day after the procedure.
For both donations, you get a sick note for the day of the donation as well as for 1 to 7 days after the donation. So you don't need to take a holiday for this.

Are there any risks and side effects associated with stem cell donation?

As with any medical procedure, there are also risks associated with stem cell donation. We list them below, by type of donation:

  • Stem cell donation via blood
    • Side effects of G-CSF: To collect as many stem cells as possible, the donor is given a growth factor: G-CSF or Granulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor. This is a substance that occurs naturally in our blood. The donor is given this substance in a higher dose in the form of a syringe. Generally, the growth factor is well tolerated, but 8 in 10 donors experienced headaches, nausea, bone pain or muscle aches at times. The syringe itself can also cause a slight burning sensation at the moment the fluid is injected. If you suffer from these side effects, you can take a simple painkiller to take away the symptoms. Very rarely, allergic reactions such as fever, chills or rash occur. No long-term adverse effects of G-CSF are known.
    • Side effects of the stem cell donation itself: Except when the catheter is punctured, this procedure is completely painless. No blood loss occurs at any time. Sometimes, a stem cell donor may feel lightheaded, suffer from chills, 
      numbness or a tingling sensation around the mouth. Some donors also experience cramping in the hands. These symptoms disappear immediately after donation. It usually takes about 1 to 7 days before you can resume your normal routine. But it can take up to 1 to 2 weeks before you feel fully recovered. After about 10 days, you will again have the amount of stem cells in your blood and bone marrow as before starting treatment with growth factor.
  • Stem cell donation via bone marrow: For a bone marrow donation, the donor is hospitalised for 36 to 48 hours, as the donation takes place under general anaesthesia. This is also immediately the main risk in a bone marrow donation. The standard risks of general anaesthesia therefore apply here. On the physical side, donors may experience sore throat afterwards (32% of donors), muscle pain (24% of donors), insomnia (15%), headache (14%), dizziness (10%) decreased appetite (10%) and nausea due to anaesthesia (9%). You may also feel pain and/or bruising at the puncture site, feel pain at the pelvis (84% of donors) or feel tired (61%). These symptoms disappear after a few days. After your donation, we recommend you rest for a week. In most cases, you can resume your routine after 1 to 7 days. However, it may take several weeks before you feel fully recovered.